黑雪松与杜松:什么叫反射不定式？（英语）

英语的-反射不定式-以下举例子：）~~

用作定语,通常皆置于其所修饰的名词或代词之后,它与其所修饰的名词或代词可能是主谓关系,如:
The next train to arrive was from new york
All dead ,I was the only one to grow up.

也可能是动宾关系,这时不定式即通常所谓的“反射不定式”,如:
He has too many things to do
他要做的事太多了
He have nothing to say on the question.

反射不定式也可是不定式+介词结构,介词一般不可省去,如:
I need a pen to write with
Give me some paper to write on.
There are some thing to be grateful for.

语法学上常说的反射不定式是指不定式作定语时,尽管和它所修辞的名词构成动宾关系,但是不定式还是用主动形式。例:He has nothing to do. I need a pen to write with.

反射不定式是指不定式与句子的主语构成动宾关系,此时的不定式主动形式表示被动意义，例:1．n. + be + adj. + to do.
(反射不定式，不定式与句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系）
e.g. The man is hard to deal with.
The water is not fit to drink
2．n.+ be + too + adj.+ to do.
(反射不定式，不定式与句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系）
e.g. The box is too heavy to carry.
Many stars are too small to see.
3．n. + be + enough + to do.
(反射不定式，不定式与句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系）
e.g. The bag is light enough to carry.
This kind of work is easy enough to do.
此称之为反射不定式。