皇太极最爱谁:定语从句中的that和which的区别

定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。

一、 限定性定语从句

1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置

2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢

3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略

4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语

5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句

6. when引导定语从句表示时间

〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导

By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.

I still remember the first time I met her.

Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.

7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格

8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导

二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立

1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分

2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which

Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。

I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。

We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 刚好我们到的那天他们走了。

3. 有时as也可用作关系代词

4. 在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物

which和that的区别：
1只用which,不用that的情况。
1)which可用在非限制性定语从句中。例如：
The project,which lasted four years,cost one billion dollars.这项工程历时四年，耗资十亿美元。
2)which可用前置介词宾语。例如：
This is the house in which we lived three years ago.这是我们三年前住过的那所房子。
2只用that，不用which的情况。
1)that相当于关系副词when,where,why,in the way＝in which。例如：
I'll never forget the Monday that /when you first arrived.我将永远不会忘记你初到的那个星期一！
Do you know anywhere that I can get fruit?
你知道我能在哪里买到水果吗？
I like the place for the very reason that/why you dislike it.我喜欢那地方的原因，恰恰是你不喜欢它的原因。
He doesn't see things the way that /in which we see them.他看问题跟我们不一样。
2)that既可指物，也可指人。例如：
The people that worked on the project made a good effort.从事那项工程的人们做了很大努力。
3)当主句以here,there开头时，常用that。例如：
Here is the place that you've been looking for.这就是你一直找的地方。
4)当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，常用that。例如：
The first(thing)that should bed one is to get the book.应该做的第一件事是弄到那本书。
This is the best place that I've ever visit-ed.这是我曾参观过的最好的地方。
5)当先行词是all,anything,nothing(something除外),none,little,much时，常用that。例如：
Is this all that's left?这就是剩下的所有东西吗？
Have you got anything that belongs tome?你有没有拿过属于我的东西？
6)当先行词被no,little,only,very,the last等修饰时，常用that。例如：
The only thing that could be done is to find
our way home.唯一能做的事情就是要找到回家的路。
7)当先行词是两个或两个以上的词分别表示人和物时用that。例如：
They talked about the teachers and the schools that they knew.他们谈到了他们熟悉的老师和学校。
8)在以which，who开头的句子中常用that。例如：
Which is the car that killed the man?撞死那个男子的小车是哪一辆？
9)time是先行词时，前面如有序数词或last修饰时，定语从句只能用that引导或省略。例如：
This is the last time(that)I shall give you a letter.
The first time(that)I saw him was last year.

which 可以引导一个非限制性定语从句，that 则不能，例如：
He had failed in the English, which made his father very angry.
Which 之前可以有介词，that 之前则不能，例如：
This is the house in which Tom used to live.

只能用that，而不能用 which 的情况

1.当先行词是all, everything, nothing, something, anything, much, little, few，none 等不定代词时，例如：
That is all that I want to say.

2. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时，例如：
The first place that I visited in Beijing was the Great Wall.
This is the best film that I have ever seen.

3. 当先行词被 the very,the only,the just 等词修饰时，例如：
Mr. Smith is the only foreigner that he knows.

4. 当两个先行词一个指人,一个指物时，例如：
The famous writer and his works that the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.

5. 当主句已有疑问词who或which时，例如：
Who that you have even seen can do better?
6. 如果有两个定语从句，其中一句的关系代词是 which ，另一句则用that，例如：
Let me show you the book that I borrowed from the library which
was newly open to us.