大天使之剑1000绑钻:all the information about Israel and Jordan -coflict over water supplies

An around aqueous antinomy piles up one after another.Since a century of half, middle east all countries especially Arabian nation with Israeli around the territory problem broke out many large-scale war with conflict.If say that the territory is the fuse of 20 centuries middle east many clashs, so, the water may become 21 centuries to break out the warlike source middle east.

Middle east the resources of water of the region comes from Nile, Euphrates — bottom space primarily river in the river of 斯 and Jordan three flood department.Nile is all long 6700 kilometers of, rise in the equator mountainous country of Africa to fill the 俄 the ratio the second plateau with the 埃 , flow through Burundi, Egypt etc.9 country.Nile river water gross measures to 140,000,000,000 rice, Egypt of quota is 560 square rice in立 in hundred million, but because Nile flows through 9 country, plus the region of Africa for successive years dry, Egypt in reality can not get the quota that it should have.In recent years, start the big the water conservancy of 兴 Egypt, build the 渠蓄 water, from but caused the disaffection of the other the littoral country of Nile.

Bottom space in the river of 斯 with Euphrates river valley.The Euphrates rises in the eastern region mountain area of Turkey, continuing long in Turkey roughly 1000 kilometers of, enter to arrive again Syria from Turkey Iraq.All long 2700 kilometers of,90% water comes from the mountain area of Turkey, it is 3 the important and economic life vein of countries, relate to the soil, 叙 , 伊 3 countries slice the body benefits.Turkey sees it is our country river that Euphrates make, owning the sovereignty of absoluteness, Syria with then mean to make greatest efforts the objection Iraq.From the 60's of 20 centuries, the soil 叙伊 Three Kingdoms proceeds the negotiation for the Euphrates water resources problem, but has been coulding not to reach the agreement.

Jordan river is Jordan, Syria, Israel 3 countries have totally.Many in the last yearses, Arabia surround with Israel always the water resources proceeds the conflict that 殊 die.Israel is before founding a nation, moving to request the Jew that reply the country in Palestine, settling down mostly to add the benefit benefit lake District in the Palestinian north, for the purpose of control headwaters.Israeli country in 1948 after establishing, pass 4 times middle east the war are large-scale to bear arms the 850 square kilometers of territory for invading, take possession by force Jordan river west coast, add sand district, Egypt of west 奈 peninsula, Syria of the highland of 戈兰 with Lebanese south roughly with twoly to Lebanons.

Israel takes possession by force an important purpose of these regionses is a scheme to jump a claim with loot the yonder ground with the groundwater resources.Israel near 40% water comes from the Jordan river west coast.The west coast has 3 enter water the pond naturally, the resources of water is very abundant, Israel took up two among those.Israel 1/3 water comes from here.Israel takes the water from the Lebanese benefit tower 尼 river annually 500,000,000 square rice in立s, it dug a 20 kilometers of groundwater 渠 that grow, leading the benefit tower 尼 river river water to big 巴 row lake, getting up with the coupling of water 渠 that lead to the 纳 space cloth desert.Control in Israel Jordan after the river, victimize Jordan biggest, because Jordan of water resources 49% comes from the Jordan river.In recent years, Jordan water shortage crisis facing seriously.

Recent, Israel is together Lebanese around the 哈斯巴尼 uses the problem of water fluvially to dispute suspicion again, 哈斯巴尼 river through fly to Jordan Israeli too 巴 row lake, face too the 巴 row lake provides 20-25% headwaters.United Nations rows 哈斯巴尼 river as Israel and Lebanese boundary river.But Israel hases been taking in the take out should fluvial river water.Nearer year, the Lebanon builds to pump water to stand in the river bank, and built the piping, preparing the some village that supply water to boundary.This caused the Israeli and strong reaction immediately.Think with the square that Lebanese this at one blow moves the scheme changes that fluvial waterway, reduce the afflux the Israeli amount of water, and threaten if the Lebanon do not stop this at one blow moves, destroy to pump water the facilities.Excluding grow to wear Lebanese this undertaking of warning of thunder 斯 may cause" battle fire".

Middle east national fresh water in great majority shortage, as a result around the 争 of the water resources problem is always not only, 阿 with the 争 of the resources of water is in middle east water resources 诸 self-contradictly particularly for outstanding, the 阿 break out 5 times with its middle east the war is close with the resources of water almost related, become middle east a source of the turbulent discomfort in situation.The increasingly serious the resources of water is missing to have become the problem that middle east all countries 亟 need solution, and tend to also become in the 争 of the upgrade the resources of water that region face of a big challenge.The Arabian nation forms alliance the Secretary-general points out, the resources of water has become the strategy problem of the Arabian and national life and death in pass in matter alive or dead, its importance bears comparison with the safe problem.This shows that, establish the project of the reasonable allotment water resources that relevant nation in a kind of that region can accept the power at necessarily line, but resolve this a the complex problem is not easy matter.The resources of water of 争 is an important aspect that water resources that middle east many problems, but it is close with territory with the safe problem related, if fall through middle east completely, fair with enduring peace, that region is self-contradict, especially 阿 with the resources of water of 争 hard get the solution.

各国间围绕水的矛盾层出不穷。半个世纪以来，中东各国特别是阿拉伯国家和以色列之间围绕领土问题爆发了多次大规模战争和冲突。如果说领土是20世纪中东许多冲突的导火线，那么，水有可能成为21世纪中东爆发战争的根源。

中东地区的水资源主要来自尼罗河、幼发拉底河—底格里斯河、约旦河三大水系。尼罗河全长6700公里，发源于非洲赤道山地和埃塞俄比亚高原，流经布隆迪、埃及等9国。尼罗河河水总量为840亿立方米，埃及的份额为560亿立方米，但由于尼罗河流经9国，加上非洲地区连年干旱，埃及实际上得不到它应有的份额。近年来，埃及开始大兴水利，筑渠蓄水，从而引起了其它尼罗河沿岸国的不满。

底格里斯河和幼发拉底河流域。幼发拉底河发源于土耳其东部山区，在土耳其境内绵延约1000公里，从土耳其进入叙利亚再到伊拉克。全长2700公里，百分之九十的水来自土耳其山区，它是3国的重要经济命脉，关系着土、叙、伊3国的切身利益。土耳其把幼发拉底河看作是本国的河流，拥有绝对主权，叙利亚和伊拉克则表示竭力反对。从20世纪60年代起，土叙伊三国就幼发拉底河水资源问题进行谈判，但一直未能达成协议。

约旦河为约旦、叙利亚、以色列3国共有。多年来，阿拉伯和以色列一直围绕水资源进行殊死的斗争。以色列建国前，移居在巴勒斯坦要求复国的犹太人，大多定居在巴勒斯坦北部的加利利湖区，以便控制水源。1948年以色列国成立后，通过4次中东战争和两次对黎巴嫩大规模武装入侵，占领了约旦河西岸、加沙地带、埃及的西奈半岛、叙利亚的戈兰高地和黎巴嫩南部约850平方公里的领土。

以色列占领这些地区的一个重要目的是企图霸占和掠夺那里的地面和地下水资源。以色列近百分之四十的水来自约旦河西岸。西岸有3个天然地下水池，水资源十分丰富，以色列占用了其中两个。以色列三分之一的水来自这里。以色列每年从黎巴嫩利塔尼河取水5亿立方米，它挖了一条20公里长的地下水渠，把利塔尼河河水引至大巴列湖，与通往纳格布沙漠的水渠联结起来。以色列控制约旦河后，约旦受害最大，因为约旦的水资源百分之四十九来自约旦河。近年来，约旦面临着严重的缺水危机。

最近，以色列同黎巴嫩围绕哈斯巴尼河的用水问题又发生争执，哈斯巴尼河经约旦流向以色列的太巴列湖，向太巴列湖提供20-25％的水源。联合国把哈斯巴尼河划为以色列与黎巴嫩的界河。但以色列一直在抽取该河的河水。近些年，黎巴嫩在河边兴建了抽水站，并铺设了管道，准备向边界的一些村庄供水。这立刻引起了以色列的强烈反应。以方认为黎巴嫩的这一举动企图改变该河的水道，减少流入以色列的水量，并扬言如果黎巴嫩不停止这一举动，就炸毁抽水设施。以外长佩雷斯警告黎巴嫩此举可能导致“战火”。

中东绝大多数国家淡水不足，因而围绕水资源问题之争一直不止，阿以水资源之争在中东水资源诸矛盾中尤为突出，阿以之间爆发的5次中东战争几乎都与水资源密切相关，成为中东局势动荡不安的一个根源。日益严重的水资源短缺已经成为中东各国亟待解决的问题，而趋于升级的水资源之争也成为该地区面临的一大挑战。阿拉伯国家联盟秘书长指出，水资源已成为事关阿拉伯国家生死存亡的战略问题，其重要性不亚于安全问题。由此可见，制订一种该地区有关国家都能接受的合理分配水资源的方案势在必行，但要解决这一错综复杂的问题并非易事。水资源之争是中东诸多问题的一个重要方面，但它与领土和安全问题密切相关，如果中东不能实现全面、公正和持久的和平，该地区的水资源矛盾、特别是阿以水资源之争就难以得到解决。