竹之歌 天涯:生物进化的一段汉译英
来源:百度文库 编辑:高考问答 时间:2024/05/22 00:14:36
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niche 生态位
mutation 突变
aberrance 畸变
All explain well in each kind of researches of levels with several member,cell machine,cell,organization,organ...etc. of living creature, the living creature body is the structure complications,each of the part match with clever of harmonious body.But living creature at species above horizontal evolution, usually take the basic change of the structure as a characteristic, the basic change of the structure needs to be first to break existing harmonious appearance to rebuild new harmonious appearance.That process involves many varieties of the structure multilayers, the back is the DNA of the many times mutation, the chromosome mutation etc. heredity material of change, and this also can carry out gradually in several generations.In this process, the function of the old structure loses gradually, but the lately structural function is still not perfect, this existence ability that lowers living creature by all means with grow an ability, make it be placed in an out of harmony period.Be placed in a certain living creature of this period, the individual quantity less, distribute to limit, so very difficult record in the geology up discover their clues.Living creature's passing through the condition of the out of harmony period BE:the food is abundant, the natural enemy is few, growing a competition imperfection or alleviating very much, then the existence can be provided as new structure development and get empty to lack the ecosystem perfectly.New-born island,lake,the history top living creature greatly environment after destroy completely etc., all exist to get empty to lack an ecosystem in great quantities.Therefore often will see the large-scale explosion of the new-born species in these environments.
In each kind of living thing member, the cell organ, the cell, the organization, many stratification planes research all fully showed that, the organism is the structure is complex, between each part coordinates the clever harmonious body. But biology above species horizontal evolution, frequently take the structure radical change as the characteristic, the structure radical change needs first to break the existing harmonious condition, reconstructs the new harmonious condition. This process involves the multi- structures multi-level change, behind is many DNA sudden change, genetic material the and so on chromosomic aberration change, but this also only can gradually realize in many generations. In this process, the old structure function gradually loses, but the new structure function still was imperfect, this inevitably reduced biological the survivability and the reproduction ability, caused it to be in not the harmonious time. Is in this time some living thing, the individual quantity are less, distribution limitation, therefore very difficultly discovers their in the geological record. The biology crossed not the harmonious time the condition is: Food rich, the natural enemy very few, the interspecific competition flaw or is very gentle, namely the existence may supply the new structure development and the consummation vacancy ecology position. In the newborn island, the lake, the history the biology greatly exterminates after the environment and so on, all has the massive vacancies ecology position. Therefore in these environment, Chang Hui sees the newborn species the large-scale eruption.