魔兽无可留恋:请帮我区别这几个不定式和动名词

来源:百度文库 编辑:高考问答 时间:2024/05/02 18:58:31
afraid to do 和 afraid doing
try to do 和 try doing
interested to do 和 interested doing
mean to do 和 mean doing
begin/ start to do 和 begin/ start doing
regret to do 和 regret doing

一、关于afraid to do 和 afraid doing
首先应该说明,英语可说afraid to do,但不说 afraid doing,而说 afraid of doing。下面讲述两者的区别:
afraid to do 的意思是“害怕做某事或不敢做某事”。如:
He was afraid to fly in a plane. 他不敢坐飞机。
He was afraid to go into the house and meet his father. 他不敢进屋去见他父亲。
afraid of doing 有两个意思:
一是表示担心会发生某事或某情况(但实际上未必会发生)。如:
She was afraid of waking her husband. 她怕吵醒她丈夫。
I was afraid of hurting her feelings. 我怕伤害她的感情。
二是表示害怕做某事或不敢做某事(指缺乏勇气或害怕其后果而不敢)。如:
I’m afraid of telling her. 我不敢告诉她。
He was afraid of jumping. 他不敢跳。
注:以上两类句型的异同之处:表示担心会发生某事或某情况,只能用 be afraid of doing sth,而表示害怕做某事或不敢做某事等,则两者都可用,但以用 afraid to do 更普通。

二、关于try to do 和 try doing
1. try doing 表示做某事试试看(有何效果)。如:
Let’s try knocking at the back door. 咱们敲敲后门试试。
Try phoning his home number. 给他家里打个电话试试。
2. try to do 表示设法做某事。如:
Try to come early. 请设法早点来。
He tried to persuade her to come. 他设法要说服他来。

三、关于interested to do 和 interested doing
首先应该说明,英语可说interested to do,但不说 interested doing,而说 interested in doing。下面讲述两者的区别:
1. interested in doing 表示对做某事感兴趣。如:
I’m not interested in politics. 我对政治不感兴趣。
They are interested in learning drawing. 他们对学绘画感兴趣。
2. interested to do 表示很想做某事。如:
I’d be interested to hear your opinion about this. 我很想听听你对这事的意见。
I shall be interested to know what happens. 我很想知道情况会怎样。

四、关于mean to do 和 mean doing
1. mean doing 表示意味着做某事或需要做某事。如:
This illness will mean going to hospital. 得了这种病就意味着要住院。
Missing the train means waiting for an hour. 赶不上火车 就意味着要等一个小时。
2. mean to do 表示打算做某事。如:
He means to be a teacher. 他打算当老师。
You don’t mean to say so! 你不是这个意思吧!
He did not mean to hurt you. 他不是有意要伤害你。

五、关于begin / start to do 和 begin / start doing
这两个结构意思相同,均表示开始做某事,常可换用。如:
He began teaching [to teach] English at the age of 18. 他18岁开始教英语。
Then he began telling [to tell] us a story. 然后他开始给我们讲故事。
It started to rain [raining]. 天开始下起雨来。
Hearing the news she started crying [to cry]. 一听到这消息,她就开始哭了起来。
注:这两类结构能互换的场合主要限于那些有意志的动词,而对于那些无意志的动词(如那些表示感觉或心理活动的动词以及主语是无生命的东西时),通常用不定式,很少用动名词。如:
The ice began to melt. 冰开始融化。
I began to understand this situation. 我开始了解情况。
另外若 begin 本身为 -ing 形式,其后通常也接不定式。如:
I’m beginning to feel better, thank you. 我渐渐感到好些了,谢谢你。

六、regret to do 和 regret doing
1. regret to do 表示很遗憾要做某事。如:
I regret to tell you that he can’t come. 很抱歉他不能来。
We regret to say that we can’t accept your kind offer. 很抱歉我们不能接受你的友好提供。
2. regret doing 表示后悔(遗憾)做了某事。如:
She never regretted doing this. 她从没后悔这样做过。
I regret not coming earlier. 我后悔没有来 早点。
I regret going there yesterday. 我后悔昨天去了那儿。

我来了~~~~~~~~~~~

afraid to do 害怕去做...,(强调"不敢做")
afraid doing 担心做某事情会....(有所过虑)

try to do 尝试去做... (含有努力去做的意思)
try doing 只是一般性的尝试做

interested to do 和 interested doing 这组是错误的!!

mean to do 打算做...
mean doing 意味着做...

begin/ start to do 开始做某事(之前并没做)
begin/ start doing (重新)开始做谋事(先前可能没做完,现在继续做)

regret to do 为...抱歉,遗憾
regret doing 为做过的事情感到后悔

正确